{"id":1282,"date":"2026-07-12T09:15:42","date_gmt":"2026-07-12T09:15:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/almashhedtelegraph.com\/?p=1282"},"modified":"2026-07-12T09:15:42","modified_gmt":"2026-07-12T09:15:42","slug":"tabagisme-la-reduction-des-risques-est-un-enjeu-de-sante-publique-plaide-le-dr-amen-allah-messaadi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/almashhedtelegraph.com\/?p=1282&lang=fr","title":{"rendered":"Tabagisme : \u00ab La r\u00e9duction des risques est un enjeu de sant\u00e9 publique \u00bb, plaide le Dr Amen Allah Messaadi"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 l\u2019heure o\u00f9 les maladies li\u00e9es au tabac continuent de peser lourdement sur les syst\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9, le d\u00e9bat autour des alternatives sans combustion gagne du terrain. \u00c0 l\u2019occasion de Technovation 2026, organis\u00e9 le 24 juin \u00e0 Rabat par PMI, le Dr Amen Allah Messaadi revient sur les d\u00e9fis que pose encore le tabagisme en Tunisie, les avanc\u00e9es scientifiques dans le domaine de la r\u00e9duction des risques et l\u2019urgence de d\u00e9velopper une recherche locale capable d\u2019\u00e9clairer les politiques de sant\u00e9 publique.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Un lourd fardeau sanitaire et \u00e9conomique<\/h2>\n

En Tunisie, le tabagisme demeure l\u2019un des principaux facteurs de risque de maladies chroniques. Derri\u00e8re les chiffres de mortalit\u00e9 et de morbidit\u00e9 se cache \u00e9galement un co\u00fbt \u00e9conomique consid\u00e9rable. Pour le Dr Amen Allah Messaadi, les cons\u00e9quences du tabac d\u00e9passent largement la sph\u00e8re individuelle.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Le traitement des cancers et des maladies li\u00e9es au tabac repr\u00e9sente une charge importante pour notre syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9. Le danger est double : il menace directement la sant\u00e9 des personnes tout en pesant lourdement sur les d\u00e9penses publiques consacr\u00e9es aux soins \u00bb, explique-t-il.<\/p>\n

Cette r\u00e9alit\u00e9 conforte le tabagisme comme un v\u00e9ritable enjeu de sant\u00e9 publique, appelant des r\u00e9ponses qui combinent pr\u00e9vention, accompagnement au sevrage et innovation.<\/p>\n

Comprendre ce qui rend la cigarette si dangereuse<\/h2>\n

Les progr\u00e8s de la recherche ont profond\u00e9ment modifi\u00e9 la compr\u00e9hension des m\u00e9canismes responsables des maladies li\u00e9es au tabac. Selon le sp\u00e9cialiste, il est d\u00e9sormais clairement \u00e9tabli que la principale source de toxicit\u00e9 provient de la combustion.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Il est essentiel de distinguer la nicotine, principalement responsable de la d\u00e9pendance, des milliers de substances toxiques g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es par la combustion du tabac, qui sont \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la majorit\u00e9 des cancers et des maladies cardiovasculaires ou respiratoires. \u00bb<\/p>\n

C\u2019est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment cette distinction scientifique qui a conduit au d\u00e9veloppement de produits sans combustion, con\u00e7us pour limiter l\u2019exposition des fumeurs aux compos\u00e9s les plus nocifs.<\/p>\n

Une r\u00e9duction des risques, pas une absence de risques<\/h2>\n

Le d\u00e9veloppement de ces nouvelles alternatives continue d\u2019alimenter les d\u00e9bats au sein de la communaut\u00e9 scientifique. Pour le Dr Messaadi, ces interrogations sont l\u00e9gitimes, mais les connaissances disponibles se sont consid\u00e9rablement renforc\u00e9es au cours de la derni\u00e8re d\u00e9cennie.<\/p>\n

Il cite notamment les exp\u00e9riences conduites dans plusieurs pays, en particulier la Su\u00e8de, o\u00f9 le recours \u00e0 des alternatives sans combustion s\u2019est accompagn\u00e9 d\u2019une baisse significative de certaines pathologies li\u00e9es au tabac.<\/p>\n

\u00ab En m\u00e9decine, le risque z\u00e9ro n\u2019existe pratiquement jamais. En revanche, lorsque l\u2019on supprime les substances responsables de 80 \u00e0 90 % des dommages li\u00e9s au tabagisme, le b\u00e9n\u00e9fice potentiel devient consid\u00e9rable. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Le m\u00e9decin rappelle n\u00e9anmoins que ces produits ne constituent ni une solution miracle ni un produit destin\u00e9 aux non-fumeurs.<\/p>\n

\u00ab La meilleure d\u00e9cision reste toujours de ne pas fumer ou d\u2019arr\u00eater compl\u00e8tement. Mais pour les fumeurs qui, malgr\u00e9 plusieurs tentatives, n\u2019arrivent pas \u00e0 arr\u00eater, une strat\u00e9gie de r\u00e9duction des risques peut repr\u00e9senter une approche pragmatique. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Produire une science adapt\u00e9e aux r\u00e9alit\u00e9s africaines<\/h2>\n

Au-del\u00e0 de la question du tabac, le Dr Messaadi insiste sur un enjeu plus large : celui de la souverainet\u00e9 scientifique.<\/p>\n

Selon lui, les politiques de sant\u00e9 publique ne peuvent s\u2019appuyer uniquement sur des \u00e9tudes r\u00e9alis\u00e9es dans d\u2019autres r\u00e9gions du monde. La Tunisie et les pays africains doivent produire leurs propres donn\u00e9es scientifiques afin de mieux comprendre les sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques de leurs populations.<\/p>\n

Le sp\u00e9cialiste prend l\u2019exemple du diab\u00e8te, particuli\u00e8rement r\u00e9pandu dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Beaucoup de patients diab\u00e9tiques continuent malheureusement \u00e0 fumer. Or le tabac r\u00e9duit l\u2019oxyg\u00e9nation des tissus et favorise les complications, notamment le pied diab\u00e9tique. Nous avons besoin d\u2019\u00e9tudes r\u00e9alis\u00e9es sur nos propres patients afin de mesurer pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ces impacts. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Les d\u00e9fis de la recherche<\/h2>\n

Contrairement \u00e0 certaines id\u00e9es re\u00e7ues, le cadre r\u00e9glementaire tunisien ne constitue pas un obstacle majeur \u00e0 la recherche clinique.<\/p>\n

Pour le Dr Messaadi, les difficult\u00e9s sont avant tout d\u2019ordre humain et financier.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Il faut une v\u00e9ritable volont\u00e9, des \u00e9quipes scientifiques structur\u00e9es et des financements suffisants. Sans ces trois piliers, il est difficile de d\u00e9velopper une recherche capable d\u2019accompagner les grandes \u00e9volutions de la m\u00e9decine. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Il rappelle \u00eatre engag\u00e9, avec plusieurs associations scientifiques africaines, dans diff\u00e9rents projets de recherche consacr\u00e9s notamment aux complications du diab\u00e8te, un domaine o\u00f9 les besoins restent consid\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e9venir, accompagner et former<\/h2>\n

En conclusion, le Dr Amen Allah Messaadi adresse un triple message.<\/p>\n

Le premier est destin\u00e9 aux jeunes : ne jamais commencer \u00e0 fumer.<\/p>\n

Le deuxi\u00e8me concerne les fumeurs actuels : l\u2019arr\u00eat complet demeure l\u2019objectif prioritaire, mais des solutions existent pour accompagner ceux qui ne parviennent pas \u00e0 se sevrer et r\u00e9duire, autant que possible, leur exposition aux substances les plus dangereuses.<\/p>\n

Enfin, il appelle les professionnels de sant\u00e9 \u00e0 renforcer leur formation sur le tabac, la nicotine et les approches de r\u00e9duction des risques.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Notre priorit\u00e9 doit toujours \u00eatre le sevrage. Mais lorsqu\u2019un patient n\u2019arrive pas \u00e0 arr\u00eater malgr\u00e9 plusieurs tentatives, il est indispensable que les m\u00e9decins connaissent toutes les options disponibles afin de proposer un accompagnement fond\u00e9 sur les donn\u00e9es scientifiques les plus r\u00e9centes. \u00bb<\/p>\n

\u00c0 ses yeux, la lutte contre le tabagisme entre aujourd\u2019hui dans une nouvelle phase : celle o\u00f9 la pr\u00e9vention reste essentielle, mais o\u00f9 la r\u00e9duction des risques s\u2019impose \u00e9galement comme un levier compl\u00e9mentaire pour prot\u00e9ger les fumeurs qui ne r\u00e9ussissent pas \u00e0 abandonner la cigarette.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 l\u2019heure o\u00f9 les maladies li\u00e9es au tabac continuent de peser lourdement sur les syst\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9, le d\u00e9bat autour des alternatives sans combustion gagne du terrain. \u00c0 l\u2019occasion de Technovation 2026, organis\u00e9 le 24 juin \u00e0 Rabat par PMI, le Dr Amen Allah Messaadi revient sur les d\u00e9fis que pose encore le tabagisme en …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1283,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[130,128],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-la-une","category-actualites"],"yoast_head":"\nTabagisme : \u00ab La r\u00e9duction des risques est un enjeu de sant\u00e9 publique \u00bb, plaide le Dr Amen Allah Messaadi - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0644\u064a\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0641 Almashhed Telegraph<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/almashhedtelegraph.com\/?p=1282&lang=fr\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tabagisme : \u00ab La r\u00e9duction des risques est un enjeu de sant\u00e9 publique \u00bb, plaide le Dr Amen Allah Messaadi - 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